The QBU report provides an analysis of key developments in the ammonia and urea industry, including capacity updates, profitability, and pricing developments over the past quarter.

The scale-up of industrial processes is discussed in terms of theory, design, implementation, cost and costing methods, and strategic implications. Methods of reducing operational, technical, and regulatory risk are discussed for both conventional technology and biotechnology. Includes detailed discussion of scale-up for gasification processes, fermentation processes, biomass feedstock logistics and handling, fixed beds and fluid beds.

Appendix A - Global

Appendix C - South America