This report provides profitability and price projections to 2050 for mono ethylene glycol, purified terephthalic acid and polyethylene terephthalate.  The main price setting regions of Western Europe are analysed. 

​​The process technologies and production economics for linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE), including LLDPE/HDPE swing processes are presented. Processes from major technology developers are reviewed. Cost of production estimates have been developed on a United States, China, and Middle East basis for conventional and second generation resins. Carbon Intensity of each process type is also explored, with discussion of recent developments aiming to improve the sustainability of LLDPE. Licensee information is presented for each technology along with global and regional capacity listings.​

The technoeconomics and carbon intensities related to biomass energy with carbon capture and sequestration (BECCS) and biomass carbon removal and storage (BiCRS) for different types of biomass is presented in this report. To achieve commitments by circa 2050, industries of different economic sectors require renewable energy and renewable feedstocks, as well as heat and power. Utilizing biomass, BECCS or BiCRS reduces the carbon emissions to net neutral or even net negative emissions. However, there are uncertainties of the impacts of using vast amounts of biomass for decarbonization. The amount of mitigated carbon captured (removed and/or sequestered) when using biomass is subjected due to various factors, such as indirect and direct land use change (ILUC/LUC), fertilizer usage, the resulting soil conditions. In addition, the impact varies for different types of biomass, crops or agricultural or plantation wastes. Taking these factors into account, the report assesses case studies and correlates the cost of production with the carbon intensities, with estimates of alternative biomass prices for both BECCS and BiCRS.

This report provides profitability and price projections to 2050 for mono ethylene glycol, purified terephthalic acid and polyethylene terephthalate.  The main price setting regions of Asia Pacific, Western Europe and the United States are analysed.