This report provides a comprehensive analysis of the tire industry's shift towards sustainability, covering the background, objectives, and scope of sustainable practices in tire manufacturing, including the economics, carbon intensity, and environmental impacts of key materials and the exploration of sustainable alternatives. It covers green tire technology, examining bio-based rubber innovations, the application of nanotechnology, and sustainable material replacements, with a forward-looking perspective on future green tire technologies. Additionally, the report discusses recycling and end-of-life management for tires, emphasizing the significance of recycling, various recycling processes, and associated environmental, health, and safety considerations. The economic analysis explores the financial aspects of green tire production and recycling, including cost, pricing, and regional economic impacts. Environmental impacts and sustainability practices are scrutinized through Scope 1 and Scope 2 carbon intensity comparisons and sustainable manufacturing best practices. The report also identifies the interests of key stakeholders in the green tire industry, including manufacturers, suppliers, regulatory bodies, consumers, and environmental groups, underlining the comprehensive approach to fostering sustainability in tire manufacturing and usage.

Public and private efforts for sustainability will soon result in fundamental changes to the production processes for materials used in construction of chemical and fuel plants, representing a gradual shift from major historical capital cost structures. This study examines the underlying materials associated with capital cost in the chemical and fuels industries and the coming effects of low-CI production methods on their costs, focusing on key materials such as steel, aluminum and concrete as well as other key factors for capital cost.

This report investigates the various commercial and developmental routes for the production of renewable ethylene. Technologies based on bio-ethanol, bio-naphtha, and bio-methanol are investigated for ethylene production, as well as sugar and glycerin-based routes directly to ethylene glycol. Pyrolysis oil from thermal conversion of plastic wastes has seen significant development for conversion into bio-naphtha feedstock, as well as gasification of biomass to produce methanol for ethylene production. Dry reforming of methane with carbon dioxide and electrochemical production of ethylene are the new technologies covered in this edition of the report. Cost of production models, process descriptions, capacity analysis and implications for the conventional industry are included.

This report assesses SAF production pathways in terms of their technical, economic, and carbon intensity aspects, in line with increasing pressure to decarbonize—along with a key focus on fuel blends that will allow surpassing the existing blendwalls (a potential barrier to net zero ambitions). Key technologies covered at the cost of production level include integration of key pathways for producing paraffins, isoparaffins, and aromatic blendstocks, and blending into a finished product that does not require blending with a fossil fuel. These routes include HVO, ETJ, MTJ, FT, MTA, ETA, as well as traditional refining units with renewable feeds such as isomerization, alkylation, FCC, etc.